The Fu Manchu Lionfish (Dendrochirus biocellatus), also known as the Twinspot Lionfish, Twospot Turkeyfish, or Ocellated Lionfish, is a distinctive species within the Scorpaenidae family. Native to the tropical Indo-West Pacific region, this lionfish is renowned for its unique appearance and specialized behaviors.
Key Information
• Small fish safe: ❌ No (predatory towards smaller fish)
• Small invertebrate safe: ❌ No (may consume small crustaceans and shrimp)
• Coral safe: ✅ Yes (does not typically harm corals)
• Minimum tank size: 115 litres (30 gallons)
• Adult size: Up to 13 cm (5 inches)
• Diet: Carnivorous, feeding on small fish and crustaceans
• Be aware of: Venomous dorsal, anal, and pelvic fin spines; handle with extreme caution to avoid envenomation
Appearance and Colouration
The Fu Manchu Lionfish exhibits several distinctive features:
• Body: Reddish-brown with three pink to yellowish bars on the sides.
• Fins: Large, fan-like pectoral fins with pale and brown bands. The dorsal fin contains 13 spines and 9 soft rays, adorned with two or three prominent black eye-like spots (ocelli) on the soft-rayed portion.
• Head: Notable for elongated, fleshy appendages resembling a mustache, extending from the upper jaw, which contribute to its common name, “Fu Manchu.”
Natural Habitat and Behaviour
In the wild, Dendrochirus biocellatus inhabits coral-rich reefs in clear waters at depths ranging from 2 to 40 meters. They are nocturnal predators, seeking shelter in caves and under ledges during the day and emerging at night to hunt small fish and crustaceans. This species exhibits unique predatory behavior, such as snapping its dorsal spines and shaking its head side-to-side to distract or attract prey.
Tank Requirements and Water Parameters
• Minimum Tank Size: 115 litres (30 gallons)
• Water Parameters:
• Temperature: 24°C – 28°C (75°F – 82°F)
• pH: 8.1 – 8.4
• Specific Gravity: 1.020 – 1.025
• Aquascaping: Provide ample hiding spots with caves and overhangs to mimic their natural habitat.
• Lighting: Moderate, accommodating their crepuscular nature.
• Water Movement: Moderate, replicating reef environments.
Diet and Feeding
As carnivores, Fu Manchu Lionfish require a diet rich in meaty foods:
• Primary Diet:
• Live or frozen shrimp
• Small fish
• Crustacean flesh
• Feeding Frequency: Feed 3-4 times per week, offering only what they can consume in a few minutes to prevent overfeeding.
Compatibility and Social Structure
• Temperament: Generally solitary and peaceful towards similarly sized tank mates but will prey on smaller fish and invertebrates.
• Tank Mates: Suitable companions include larger, non-aggressive species. Avoid housing with small fish or crustaceans that can be seen as prey.
Important Considerations
• Venomous Spines: The dorsal, anal, and pelvic fin spines are venomous and can cause painful stings. Exercise extreme caution during tank maintenance and handling.
• Feeding Challenges: May require live food initially to entice feeding, especially when newly introduced to the aquarium.
• Reef Compatibility: While they do not harm corals, their predatory nature makes them unsuitable for tanks with small fish or ornamental crustaceans.
Summary
The Fu Manchu Lionfish (Dendrochirus biocellatus) is a visually striking species that can be a rewarding addition to a marine aquarium for experienced aquarists. Due to their venomous spines and specific dietary needs, they require careful handling and a well-planned tank environment. With appropriate care, they can thrive and become a captivating focal point in a suitably stocked marine setup.