Blackcap Basslet (Gramma melacara)

 

• Small fish safe: ✅ Yes

• Small invert safe: ⚠️ With caution (may prey on tiny ornamental shrimps)

• Coral safe: ✅ Yes

• Minimum tank size: 114 liters (30 gallons)

• Adult size: Up to 10 cm (4 inches)

• Diet: Carnivorous, feeding on small crustaceans and zooplankton

• Be aware of: May exhibit territorial behavior toward similar species; requires ample hiding spots; can be shy upon introduction

 

Appearance and Coloration

The Blackcap Basslet is a strikingly beautiful fish with a vibrant purple body and a distinctive jet-black diagonal caprunning from the lip to the foredorsal fin. This bold coloration makes it a standout addition to marine aquariums.

 

Natural Habitat and Behavior

Native to the Western Central Atlantic, particularly the West Indies and the Bahamas, Gramma melacara inhabits deep reef environments, often found along steep drop-offs or cliffs at depths ranging from 11 to 60 meters (35 to 200 feet). They prefer areas with ample hiding spots, such as caves and crevices, and are known to swim upside-down beneath overhangs. In the aquarium, they may exhibit territorial behavior, especially toward similar species. 

 

Tank Requirements and Water Parameters

• Minimum Tank Size: 30 gallons (114 liters)

• Water Parameters:

• Temperature: 22°C – 27°C (72°F – 80°F)

• pH: 8.1 – 8.4

• Specific Gravity: 1.020 – 1.025

• Aquascaping:

• Provide plenty of live rock to create caves and crevices for hiding.

• Ensure a mix of open swimming areas and sheltered spots.

• Lighting: Moderate; subdued lighting can help mimic their natural deep-water habitat.

• Water Movement: Moderate flow to replicate reef conditions.

 

Diet and Feeding

In the wild, Blackcap Basslets are carnivorous, feeding on small crustaceans and zooplankton. In captivity:

• Captive Diet:

• Mysis shrimp

• Brine shrimp

• Finely chopped seafood (e.g., shrimp, fish)

• High-quality marine pellets and flakes

• Feeding Frequency: 1-2 times daily to maintain health and vibrant coloration. 

 

Compatibility and Social Structure

• Temperament:

• Generally peaceful but can be territorial toward similar species, especially in smaller tanks.

• Tank Mates:

• Compatible with other peaceful fish such as gobies, clownfish, and wrasses.

• Caution with small ornamental shrimps, as they may be preyed upon.

• Reef Compatibility: Reef-safe; does not harm corals and is generally safe with most invertebrates, barring very small shrimp.

 

Important Considerations

• Territoriality: May become territorial once established, especially toward other basslets or similar-looking species. 

• Hiding Spots: Providing ample hiding places will help reduce stress and allow the fish to exhibit natural behaviors.

• Lighting: Prefers subdued lighting, mimicking its natural deep-water environment.

• Jumping Behavior: Known to jump, especially when startled; ensure the aquarium has a secure cover.