Western Fortescue (Centropogon latifrons)
The Western Fortescue (Centropogon latifrons), also known as the Pale Fortescue, is a small, venomous fish native to the southern coast of Australia. Belonging to the Tetrarogidae family, this benthic species relies on its cryptic camouflage and ambush-hunting strategy to capture small prey. Though not commonly seen in the aquarium trade, it is an intriguing species for those experienced with venomous marine fish.
Key Information
• Small fish safe ⚠️ With caution (may prey on very small fish)
• Small invertebrate safe ⚠️ With caution (may consume small crustaceans)
• Coral safe ✅ Yes (does not harm corals)
• Minimum tank size 115 litres (30 gallons)
• Adult size Up to 12.5 cm (4.9 inches)
• Diet Carnivorous, feeding on small fish and invertebrates
• Be aware of Venomous dorsal spines; handle with extreme caution
Appearance and Colouration
The Western Fortescue is well-camouflaged to blend into sandy and rocky reef environments:
• Body Colouration
Typically tan to cream, with dark brown bands running vertically along the body.
• Markings
A dark blotch on the head and banding on the dorsal fin spines.
• Caudal Fin
Displays a narrow, chevron-shaped brown band at the base.
Natural Habitat and Behaviour
In the wild, Centropogon latifrons inhabits coastal waters, rocky reefs, and seagrass beds, typically at depths of 0 to 10 metres.
• Nocturnal Predator
• Prefers hiding in sand or among seagrass during the day.
• Actively hunts at night, ambushing small fish and crustaceans.
• Ambush Strategy
• Relies on camouflage and patience, striking prey with a quick lunge.
• Territorial Nature
• Solitary, establishing a small hunting range.
Tank Requirements and Water Parameters
• Minimum Tank Size 115 litres (30 gallons)
• Water Parameters
• Temperature 20°C – 26°C (68°F – 79°F)
• pH 8.1 – 8.4
• Specific Gravity 1.020 – 1.025
• Aquascaping
• Provide rock caves, seagrass-like plants, and sandy substrate for burrowing and hiding.
• Lighting
• Moderate to low, to accommodate nocturnal behaviour.
• Water Movement
• Gentle to moderate, ensuring a stable environment.
Diet and Feeding
The Western Fortescue is a carnivorous ambush predator, requiring live or frozen meaty foods.
• Primary Diet
• Live mysis shrimp, amphipods, and small marine fish.
• Frozen silversides, squid, and krill once trained.
• Feeding Frequency
3–4 times per week, offering appropriately sized portions.
Feeding Tip:
• If reluctant to eat frozen food, use feeding tongs to mimic prey movement.
Compatibility and Social Structure
• Temperament
• Solitary and territorial, best kept alone or with similar-sized species.
• Tolerates larger, non-aggressive fish.
• Tank Mates
• Suitable with tangs, larger wrasses, and peaceful angelfish.
• Avoid small fish and shrimp, as they will be eaten.
• Do not house with aggressive predators that may stress or outcompete it.
Important Considerations
• Venomous Spines
• The dorsal fin spines contain venom, which can cause severe pain and swelling.
• If stung, immerse the affected area in hot water and seek medical attention.
• Feeding Challenges
• May require live food initially, transitioning to frozen over time.
• Reef Compatibility
• While safe for corals, it will prey on ornamental shrimp and small fish.
Summary
The Western Fortescue (Centropogon latifrons) is a cryptic, venomous ambush predator that thrives in rocky, seagrass, or sandy environments. Its camouflage, nocturnal habits, and venomous spines make it a fascinating but challenging species. With careful handling and a well-structured tank, it can be a rewarding species for experienced reef keepers.