Zebra Lionfish (Dendrochirus zebra)
The Zebra Lionfish (Dendrochirus zebra), also known as the Zebra Turkeyfish, is a striking and relatively compact lionfish species native to the Indo-Pacific, including the Red Sea and coastal reefs of Australia. Its smaller size, intricate patterns, and flowing fins make it a popular choice for experienced marine reef keepers.
Key Information
• Small fish safe ❌ No (highly predatory, will consume smaller fish)
• Small invertebrate safe ❌ No (preys on crustaceans and small invertebrates)
• Coral safe ✅ Yes (does not feed on corals)
• Minimum tank size 114 litres (30 gallons)
• Adult size Up to 25 cm (10 inches)
• Diet Carnivorous, feeding on small fish and crustaceans
• Be aware of Venomous dorsal spines; nocturnal hunter; may require live food initially
Appearance and Colouration
The Zebra Lionfish is easily identifiable due to its bold patterning and dramatic fin extensions:
• Body Colouration
A mix of reddish-brown, white, and black vertical bands, providing effective camouflage in rocky reef environments.
• Fins
Large, fan-like pectoral fins that flare outwards, with long, quill-like venomous dorsal spines.
• Size
Adults reach up to 25 cm (10 inches), making them one of the smaller lionfish species.
Natural Habitat and Behaviour
In the wild, Dendrochirus zebra inhabits coastal reefs, lagoons, and rocky crevices at depths of 3 to 60 metres. It is a solitary, ambush predator, preferring to stay hidden during the day and becoming active at night.
• Nocturnal Hunter
Prefers to hunt at dusk or night, using stealth and patience to ambush prey.
• Slow but Effective
Despite its slow movements, it is an efficient predator, using its pectoral fins to herd prey into a corner before striking.
• Territorial but Peaceful
While not aggressive, it may defend its preferred hiding spots from tank mates.
Tank Requirements and Water Parameters
• Minimum Tank Size 114 litres (30 gallons)
• Water Parameters
• Temperature 22°C – 26°C (72°F – 79°F)
• pH 8.1 – 8.4
• Specific Gravity 1.020 – 1.025
• Aquascaping
• Provide ample caves, overhangs, and shaded areas to mimic their natural hiding spots.
• Allow open swimming space for hunting behaviour.
• Lighting Moderate to low, reflecting their nocturnal lifestyle.
• Water Movement Low to moderate, as they prefer calmer reef zones.
Important Note: Use caution when maintaining the tank, as their venomous spines can cause painful stings.
Diet and Feeding
Zebra Lionfish are carnivores that primarily consume live prey but can be trained to accept frozen foods.
• Preferred Diet
• Live mysis shrimp, small marine fish, and ghost shrimp.
• Frozen silversides, squid, and shrimp once accustomed to captivity.
• Vitamin-enriched marine foods to ensure proper nutrition.
• Feeding Frequency
3–4 times per week, offering appropriately sized portions to avoid overfeeding.
Training Tip: If reluctant to eat frozen foods, use feeding tongs to mimic movement and encourage feeding.
Compatibility and Social Structure
• Temperament
• Generally peaceful with similar-sized or larger fish.
• Will prey on smaller fish and invertebrates.
• Tank Mates
• Suitable with large, non-aggressive species such as tangs, angelfish, and larger wrasses.
• Avoid keeping with small fish, shrimp, or crabs, as they will be eaten.
• Keeping Multiple Lionfish?
• Can be housed with other Dwarf Lionfish in larger tanks, provided ample space and hiding spots are available.
Important Considerations
• Venomous Spines
• The dorsal, anal, and pelvic spines contain venom that can cause intense pain, swelling, and nausea if stung.
• If stung, immediately immerse the affected area in hot water (as hot as tolerable) and seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
• Tank Security
• Ensure the aquarium has a tight-fitting lid, as lionfish may jump.
• Acclimation
• May require live food initially, with gradual introduction to frozen options.
Summary
The Zebra Lionfish (Dendrochirus zebra) is a stunning and manageable predator, well-suited for experienced reef keepers who can accommodate its nocturnal habits and predatory nature. With proper care, a secure environment, and a varied diet, this fascinating species will thrive as an exotic centrepiece in a well-maintained marine aquarium.